Muri iyi mpeshyi, icyorezo cya Covid 19 cyongeye kwamaganwa mu ntara nyinshi, ibitaro bya modular sinifuzwa kubwubatsi bunini nyuma yo gusoza ibitaro bya Wuhan Leosurehas.
Komisiyo ishinzwe ubuzima mu rwego rw'ubuzima (NHS) yavuze ko ari ngombwa kwemeza ko mu bitaro 2 kugeza kuri 3 modular yo muri buri ntara. Nubwo ibitaro bya modular atari byubatswe, tugomba kugira gahunda yo kubaka kugirango habeho byihutirwa - ibitaro byakemurwa birashobora kubakwa kandi birangira muminsi ibiri.
Ku ya 22 Werurwe, jao yatangaga mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru cyavuze ko mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru cyavuze ko mu kiganiro n'abanyamakuru kivuga ko mu kiganiro cy'itangazamakuru gishinzwe gukundwa no kugenzura ibitaro 33 bya Moduper. 20 Ibitaro bya modular byubatswe kandi 13 birabakwa, hamwe n'ibitanda 35.000. Ibi bitaro bya Makeshift byibanda cyane muri Jilin, Shandong, Yunnan, Hebei, Fujian, Kubeshya ...
Changhun modular shelters ibitaro
Ibitaro bya Makeshift ni urugero rwiza rwubwubatsi bwigihe gito, igihe cyo kubaka ibitaro bya makeguriwe ntabwo ari icyumweru kitari kimwe cyo gutanga.
Ibitaro bya Makeshuri bigira uruhare nk'ikiraro hagati yo kwigunga mu rugo no kujya mu bitaro byagenwe, no kwirinda guta imyanda.
Muri 2020, ibitaro 16 bya modular ibitaro bya modular ibisigazwa mu byumweru 3 i Wuhan, kandi bafatanije n'abarwayi bagera ku 12.000 mu kwezi, kandi bagera ku rupfu rwa zeru n'abarwayi ba Zeru. Gushyira mu bikorwa ibitaro bya Makeshite nabyo byagejejwe muri Amerika, Ubudage, Ubudage, Espanye n'ibindi bihugu.
Ibitaro bya Makeshift byahinduwe bivuye mu masezerano ya New York hamwe na Imurikagurisha (Inkomoko: Dezeen)
Ibitaro bya Makeshift byahindutse ku kibuga cy'indege cya Berlin mu Budage (Inkomoko: Dezeen)
Kuva ku mahema mu bihe bidasanzwe by'inzu ya mbere ishobora kugaragara ahantu hose, ku bitaro by'agateganyo bigira uruhare runini mu kibazo cy'umujyi muri iki gihe, inyubako zigihe gito zagize uruhare rudasanzwe mu mateka y'abantu.
Umurimo uhagarariye wo mu rwego rwo mu rufatiro rwinganda "London Crystal Ingoro" ni inyubako ya mbere yigihe gito ifite akamaro ka trans-epoch. Pavilion nini yigihe gito kuri isi isohoka rwose ibyuma nikirahure. Byatwaye igihe kitarenze amezi 9 kugirango urangire. Amaze kurangiza, yarasebye kandi ajyanwa ahandi, kandi reasmly yabonetse neza.
Ingoro ya Crystal, Ubwongereza (Inkomoko: Baidu)
Ikiyapani Noritect Noriaki Kurokawa's Taki wa Tarakawa wa Bevilion mu 1970 Expo muri Osaka, mu Buyapani, ibishishwa kare byakuweho cyangwa bimuka mu ntambwe nini mu muco wubwubatsi by'agateganyo.
Tarara Ubwiza Pavilion (Inkomoko: Achseily)
Uyu munsi, inyubako zigihe gito zishobora kubakwa zigira uruhare runini muri byose kuva mumazu yo kwishyiriraho by'agateganyo, uhereye ku bubata byihutirwa, ibidukikije bya muzika.
01 Iyo ibiza bibaye, imiterere yigihe gito ni uguhungira umubiri numwuka
Ibiza bikabije ntibiteganijwe, kandi abantu ntibabimutswe na bo. Imbere y'ibiza n'ibiza byakozwe n'abantu, ubwubatsi by'agateganyo ntabwo bworoshye nk '"ubwenge ako kanya", tubona ubwenge bwo kwitegura umunsi wimvura hamwe ninshingano zubumuntu hamwe nubushake bwubumuntu hamwe nubushake bwimibereho nubushake bwubumuntu nubuvuzi bwubumuntu nubuvuzi bwubumuntu nubuvuzi bwubumuntu nubuvuzi bwubumuntu nubuvuzi bwubumuntu nubuvuzi bwubumuntu hamwe nubushake bwubumuntu
Mu ntangiriro z'umwuga we, umuyapani Shigeru Bancwable ku bushakashatsi bwibanze ku bushakashatsi bwibanze, ukoresheje imiyoboro yimpapuro zo gukora aho bahurira nibidukikije ndetse no gukomera. Kuva mu myaka ya za 90, inyubako ze zirashobora kugaragara nyuma yintambara yabenegihugu muri Afurika, Kobe Umutingito mu Buyapani, umutingito wa Wenchuan mu Bushinwa, Umutingito, Tsunami mu majyaruguru y'Ubuyapani n'ibindi biza. Usibye amazu y'inzibacyuho nyuma y'ibiza, ndetse yubatse amashuri n'amatorero afite impapuro, kubaka ituye ryo mu mwuka kubahohotewe. Muri 2014, ban batsindiye igihembo cya Pritzker kububiko.
Inzu yigihe gito nyuma yibiza muri Sri Lanka: Inkomoko: www.shigebananarbarctts.com)
Inyubako y'ishuri ry'agateganyo ku ishuri ribanza rya Chengdu
Itorero rishya rya Nouvelle-Zélande (Inkomoko: www.shigebananarrict.com)
Ku bijyanye na Covid-19, Ban, bazanye igishushanyo cyiza. Agace ka karantine karashobora kubakwa no guhuza impapuro nimpapuro zishobora gutandukanya virusi, hamwe nibiranga ikiguzi gito, byoroshye gusubiramo kandi byoroshye kubaka. Ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe nk'ikigo gikingira by'agateganyo, akato no kuba icumbi muri Ishikawa, Nara no mu tundi turere mu Buyapani.
(Inkomoko: www.shigeneBancrctts.com)
Usibye ubuhanga bwe mu mpapuro z'impapuro, kubuza akenshi ukoresha ibikoresho biteguye kubaka inyubako. Yakoresheje ibikoresho byinshi kugira ngo yubake inzu y'agateganyo mu ngo 188 z'abakinisha mu bayapani, igeragezwa mu kubaka ibikoresho byinshi. Ibikoresho bishyirwa ahantu hatandukanye na crane kandi bihuriye no kugoreka.
Dushingiye kuri izo ngamba zinganda, amazu yigihe gito arashobora kubakwa vuba mugihe gito kandi afite imikorere myiza ya seigam.
(Inkomoko: www.shigeneBancrctts.com)
Hariho kandi kugerageza kubabara abashinwa kugirango twubake inyubako yigihe gito nyuma y'ibiza.
Nyuma ya "5.12" Umutingito, umwubatsi Zhu Jingxiang mu rusengero rwangiritse rwo kubaka amashuri abanza, urusengero rw'ubwubatsi rufite imbaraga zo kwihatira, urusengero rugizwe n'ubwubatsi, urusengero rugizwe no gushimangira imiterere rusange, dushobora guhangana n'umutingito 10. Ibitekerezo no kubika ubushyuhe bikoreshwa mubwubatsi bubi hamwe nububiko bwikirere kinini hamwe no gushyiramo imiryango n'amadirishya kugirango winyubako ashyushye mu gihe cy'itumba kandi akonje mu cyi kandi afite urumuri rusanzwe. Bidatinze nyuma yo gukoresha ishuri, kwambuka gari ya moshi bigomba kuvaho. Kugenda kw'ibishushanyo byambere byemeza ko ishuri rishobora kubakwa ahantu hatandukanye nta myanda.
((Isoko: archdaily)
Umwubatsi yingjun Xie yateguye "Inzu y'Ubufatanye", ikoresha ibikoresho byose biboneka nk'ibikoresho byo kubaka, nk'akarere n'ibindi bihugu, umwanya, umwanya, icyerekezo cya gitekerezo cyarambye. Ububiko bwicyumba cy'agateganyo "Ubufatanye" bwagize uruhare runini mu kubakwa mu gihe cyo kwitaba icyaha.
(Inkomoko: Xie Yingying Arbacts)
02 inyubako zigihe gito, imbaraga nshya zubwubatsi burambye
Hamwe no guteza imbere byihuse impinduramatwara yinganda, ubwubatsi bugezweho kandi ukuza byuzuye amakuru, ibyiciro byinyubako nini kandi bihenze kandi bihenze mu gihe gito, bikavamo imyanda myinshi idashobora gusubirwamo. Gutamba umutungo byatumye abantu muri iki gihe babaza "burundu" yubwubatsi. Ikiyapani umwubatsi Toyo Ito rimwe na rimwe bwerekanye ko ubwubatsi bugomba guhita bugwamo kandi ibintu byoroshye.
Muri iki gihe, ibyiza byitsinda ryigihe gito bigaragazwa. Izuba ryigihe gito ryuzuza ubutumwa bwabo, ntibazateza imbere ibidukikije, bihuye nibisabwa kurinda ibidukikije no guteza imbere imijyi irambye.
Mu 2000, Shigeru Ban n'Ubudage Breitect Frei Otto yateguye dome yo mu gikari cy'Ubuyapani cya Pavilion ku isi Expo muri Hannover, mu Budage, yashimishije ku isi. Kubera imiterere yigihe gito ya Pavilion Pavilion, pavilion y'Ubuyapani izasenywa nyuma yigihe cyamezi atanu yimurimoko, kandi uwashizeho yatekereje kubibazo byo gutunganya ibintu mugitangira igishushanyo mbonera.
Kubwibyo, umubiri nyamukuru winyubako ugizwe nimpapuro, firime yimpapuro nibindi bikoresho, bigabanya ibyangiritse kubidukikije no koroshya.
Ubuyapani Pavilion ku isi Expo muri Hannover, Ubudage (Inkomoko: www.shigebabanarrict.com)
Mubikorwa byo gutegura umushinga-mushya wo mu kigo gishya cyo mu kigo cya Xiongan, ahantu hashya, ubwubatsi cui kai yakoresheje ikoranabuhanga mu "byihuse" na "by'agateganyo". Irashobora kumenyera imyanya itandukanye hamwe no gukoresha akazi vuba aha. Niba hari ibindi bikenerwa mugihe kizaza, birashobora kandi guhinduka kugirango uhuze numwanya utandukanye. Iyo inyubako irangije ubutumwa bwayo bukora, irashobora gusenywa gusa ikavomera, yongeye guterana ahandi kandi yongeye gukoreshwa.
Umushinga mushya wa Xiongan Umushinga wo mu biro by'agateganyo (Inkomoko: Ishuri ry'ubwubatsi, kaminuza ya Tianjin)
Kuva mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21, hasohotse ishyirwaho rya "gahunda 21 z'umutwe w'imikino Olempike: Imikino ya Olempike imaze iterambere rirambye", imikino Olempike ifitanye isano cyane n'iterambere rirambye, cyane cyane imikino yo mu itumba, isaba kubaka iyubakwa rya ski. . Kugirango imikino irambye irambye, imikino Olempike yabanjirije yakoresheje umubare munini winyubako yigihe gito kugirango ukemure ikibazo cyimirimo ifasha.
Muri Olempike y'imvura ya 2010, umusozi wa Cypress wubatse umubare munini w'amahema menshi kuzenguruka uruganda rwa serivise yumwimerere; Muri The New 2014, Soko y'itumba, kugeza 90% by'ibikoresho by'agateganyo byakoreshejwe mu buryo bwa veneer na freestyle; Muri 2010 Pyeongchang, hafi 80% yikirere kirenga 20.000 cyumwanya wo murugo muri parike ya Phoenix kugirango habeho imikorere yibyabaye.
Muri Olempike y'imvura ya Beijing muri 2022, parike ya Yunding muri Chongli, Zhangjiakou yakiriye amarushanwa 20 mu byiciro bibiri: gusiganwa ku maguru meza. 90% by'ibisabwa ku mikorere y'imikorere y'imbeho byaterwaga n'inyubako zamafaranga, ifite metero kare zigera ku 22.000 z'ahantu h'agateganyo, hafi kugera ku rwego rw'umujyi muto. Izi nzego zigihe gito zigabanya ikirenge gihoraho kurubuga kandi nanone kubika umwanya kubice bya Ski ubudahwema kugirango uhindure kandi uhindure.
03 Iyo ubwubatsi butarimo inzitizi, hazabaho bishoboka
Inyubako zigihe gito zifite ubuzima bugufi kandi zishyiraho imipaka nkeya kumwanya nibikoresho, bizaha abuneri icyumba kinini gukina no gukemura imbaraga.
Nta gushidikanya ko inzoka i Londres, mu Bwongereza, nta gushidikanya ko imwe mu nyubako zamazi zihagarariye ku isi. Kuva mu 2000, ububiko bw'inzoka bwashyizeho ubwubatsi cyangwa itsinda ry'abubatsi kubaka pavilion y'impeshyi yigihe gito buri mwaka. Nigute ushobora kubona byinshi bishoboka mu nyubako yigihe gito ninsanganyamatsiko yinzoka yububiko bwububatsi.
Umushushanya wa mbere yatumiwe na Serperentine Gallery mu 2000 yari Zaha Hadid. Igitekerezo cya Zaha cyari ukureka imiterere yihema yumwimerere kandi ucumure ibisobanuro n'imikorere yihema. Umuteguro w'inzoka wateguye gukurikirana no guhindura "impinduka no guhanga udushya" imyaka myinshi.
(Inkomoko: archdaily)
Umuryango w'inzoka za 2015 Pavilion warangiye hamwe n'abashushanya muri Espagne José Selgas na Lucía Cano. Ibikorwa byabo bikoresha amabara ashize kandi bimeze nkibyo, bica imyumvire yimyaka yashize kandi bigatanga umusaruro mwinshi. Gufata inspiration kuva kuri metero imbaga i Londres, umwubatsi wateguye pavilion nk'intera nini, aho abantu bashobora kumva umunezero w'ubwana mugihe bagenda mu murima wa Plastique.
(Inkomoko: archdaily)
Mubikorwa byinshi, inyubako zigihe gito zifite akamaro kidasanzwe. Mu gihe cy '"gutwika umuntu" waka "muri Amerika muri Kanama 2018, architect Arthur Mamou-mani yateguye urusengero rwitwa" Galaxia ", igizwe na crusses 20 mu miterere y'ingendo, nk'isi nini. Nyuma yibyabaye, izo nyubako zigihe gito zizasenywa, kimwe na mashusho yumucanga wa Mandala muri Tibet Budisime, yibutsa abantu: bakundana umwanya.
(Inkomoko: archdaily)
Mu Kwakira 2020, hagati mu mijyi itatu ya Beijing, Wuhan na Xiamen, amazu atatu mato arubatswe mukanya mu kanya gato. Ngiyo itara rya "Umusomyi" wa CCTV. Mugihe cyiminsi itatu nzima nibyumweru bibiri bikurikirana, abantu 672 bo mu migi itatu binjiye mu ijwi riranguruye gusoma. Cabine uko ari itatu yiboneye igihe bafataga igitabo basoma imitima yabo, kandi bihamya ko ububabare bwabo, umunezero, ubutwari n'ibyiringiro.
Nubwo byatwaye igihe kitageze amezi abiri uhereye ku gishushanyo, kubaka, gukoresha mu gusenya, amakuru yubumuntu yazanywe ninyubako yigihe gito ikwiye kwitabwaho neza nububatsi.
(Inkomoko: "Umusomyi wa CCTV")
Umaze kubona izi nyubako zigihe gito aho ubushyuhe, radicalism na Avant-garde codexist, ufite imyumvire mishya yububiko?
Agaciro k'inyubako ntiribeshya mugihe cyo kugumana, ariko mugihe gifasha cyangwa gitera abantu. Dufatiye kuri iyi ngingo, ni izihe nyubako z'agateganyo zerekana ko ari umwuka w'iteka.
Ahari umwana wahinduwe ninyubako yigihe gito kandi azerera kuri serperentine gallery ashobora kuba umutsindiro utaha watsinze Pritzker.
Igihe cyagenwe: 21-04-22